What are computers?
Computers are machines that perform tasks or calculations according to a set of instructions, or programs that can accept data , manipulate the data according to specified rules, produce result, and store the result for future.The first fully electronic computers, introduced in the 1940s,
were huge machines that required teams of people to operate. Compared
to those early machines, today’s computers are amazing. Not only are
they thousands of times faster, they can fit on your desk, on your lap,
or even in your pocket.
Generation of Computer
First – Generation
First – Generation computers ( UNIVAC I ), starting
with the UNIVAC I in 1951, used vaccum tube and their memories were
made of thin tube liquid mercury and megnetic drums.
Second Generation
Second Generation computers (IBM 1401, Honeywell) in
the late 1950s replaced tubes with transistors and used magnetic core
for memories .
Third Generation
Third Generation computers, starting in mid 1960s, used
the first integrated circuits (IBM 360, CDC 6400) and the first
operating systems.
Fourth – Generation
Fourth – Generation which start in the mid 1970s, used
the chips . it introduced distributed processing and office
automation. for the the first time, Query languages, report writers and
spreadsheets put large number of people in touch with computer.
Fifth – Generation
Fifth generation computers : 1980- VLSI microprocessor
based the Fifth Generation Computer Systems project was an initiative
by Japan’s Ministry of International Trade and Industry, begun in 1982,
How does computers work?
Computers work through an interaction of hardware and software. Hardware refers to the parts of a computer that you can see and touch it.The most important piece of hardware is a tiny rectangular chip inside your computer called the central processing unit (CPU), or microprocessor.
It is the “brain” of computer—the part that translates instructions
and performs calculations. Hardware items such as your – hard disk, keyboard, monitor, mouse, printer.
Software refers to the instructions, or programs, that tell the hardware what to do.
0 comments:
Post a Comment